Satan's Infernal Purpose

The influence of Satan on the philosophy of the world

Rene’ Descartes - 1596-1650 A French philosopher whose influence was the starting point of a new direction in philosophical thought. It was called nominalism and was a radical departure from the catholic faith. He is considered to be by some, the fountainhead of modern philosophy. He posited the autonomous mind of man as the one certainty. The catch phrase was, "I think, therefore I am". There were no laws outside of man to bind him. This was the shadow of existentialismDescartes equated knowledge with being. The thinking that flowed from Descartes was called Cartesian. .

The Enlightenment

There is no consensus on when to date the start of the age of Enlightenment, and some scholars simply use the beginning of the eighteenth century or the middle of the seventeenth century as a default date.

If taken back to the mid-1600s, the Enlightenment would trace its origins to Descartes' Discourse on the Method, published in 1637. Others define the Enlightenment as beginning in Britain's Glorious Revolution of 1688 or with the publication of Issac Newton's Principia mathematica. As to its end, some scholars use the French Revolution of 1789 or the beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1804–15) as a convenient point in time with which to date the end of the Enlightenment.[5]

Deism

Deism became prominent in the 17th and 18th centuries during theAge of Enlightenment, especially in what is now the United Kingdom, France, United States and Ireland, mostly among those raised as Christians who found they could not believe in either a triune God, the divinity of Jesus, miracles, or the inerrancy of scriptures, but who did believe in one god. Initially it did not form any congregations, but in time deism strongly influenced other religious groups, such as Unitarianism and Universalism, which developed from it. It continues to this day in the forms of classical deism and modern deism. (1632-1704) was a notable exponent of empiricismHe was a native of Wrington in Somersetshire, England, and was educated at Oxford. His most notable piece of writing is An Essay Concerning the Human Understanding..

John Locke

John Locke

/wiki/PhilosophyEmpiricism is a theory of knowledge which asserts that knowledge arises from experience. Empiricism is one of several competing views about how we know "things," part of the branch of philosophy called epistemology, or "the Theory of Knowledge. was an Anglo-Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as "subjective idealism" by others). This theory contends that individuals can only directly know sensations and ideas of objects, not abstractions such as "matter." The theory also contends that ideas are dependent upon being perceived by minds for their very existence, a belief that became immortalized in the dictum, "Esse est percipi" ("To be is to be perceived"). - To him the material world was non-existant. Matter is thought . God is a great broadcasting system sending out sensation. He was dualistic - there is only mind and God.

Some important philosophers of the Enlightenment Period:

George Berkeley

David Hume

To Hume there was no evidence of a material universe - no proof or a broadcaster - nothing exists but his autonomous mind – and there is no point in living. With Hume Pragmatism was born. You live a life of reason but regard reason as a joke.

Immanuel Kant

ToKant, things are irrelevant. He wrote The Critique of Knowledge.

Subjectivism

Metaphysical subjectivism is the theory that reality is what we perceive to be real, and that there is no underlying true reality that exists independently of perception. One can also hold that it is consciousness rather than perception that is reality (subjective idealism). This is in contrast to metaphysical objectivism and philosophical realism, which assert that there is an underlying 'objective' reality which is perceived in different ways.

This viewpoint should not be confused with the stance that "all is illusion" or that "there is no such thing as reality." Metaphysical subjectivists hold that reality is real enough. They conceive, however, that the nature of reality as related to a given consciousness is dependent on that consciousness. This has its philosophical basis in the writings of Descartes and forms a cornerstone of Søren Kierkegaard's philosophy.

An ethical subjectivist might propose, for example, that what it means for something to be morally right is just for it to be approved of. (This can lead to the belief that different things are right according to each idiosyncratic moral outlook.) One implication of these beliefs is that, unlike the moral skeptic or the non-cognitivist, the subjectivist thinks that ethical sentences, while subjective, are nonetheless the kind of thing that can be true or false.

Our history marches to the tune of Subjectivesm!

DIALECTIC

George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The concept of dialectics was given new life by

; that is to say, history progresses as a dialectical process. Hegel (following Fichte), whose dialectically dynamic model of nature and of history made it, as it were, a fundamental aspect of the nature of reality (instead of regarding the contradictions into which dialectics leads as a sign of the sterility of the dialectical method, as Kant tended to do in his Critique of Pure Reason).[18][19] In the mid-19th century, the concept of "dialectic" was appropriated by Marx (see, for example, Das Kapital, published in 1867) and Engels and retooled in a non-idealist manner, becoming a crucial notion in their philosophy of dialectical materialism. Thus this concept has played a prominent role on the world stage and in world history. In contemporary polemics, "dialectics" may also refer to an understanding of how we can or should perceive the world (epistemology); an assertion that the nature of the world outside one's perception is interconnected, contradictory, and dynamic (ontology); or it can refer to a method of presentation of ideas and conclusions (discourse). According to Hegel, "dialectic" is the method by which human history unfolds

Hegelian dialectic, usually presented in a three-fold manner, was stated by Heinrich Moritz Chalybäus as comprising three dialectical stages of development: a thesis, giving rise to its reaction, an antithesis, which contradicts or negates the thesis, and the tension between the two being resolved by means of a synthesis.Hegel, he himself never used that specific formulation. Hegel ascribed that terminology to Kant.[20]

Although this model is often named after

EXISTENTIALISM

Soren Kierkegaard

called the Father of Existentialism

Albert Camus

Jean Paul Satre

Marquis de Sade

Frothingham

Paul Tilleck

Allan Ginsberg

Kinsey

Walt Whitman

John Dewey

William James

Neitzche

Bultmann

Michael Novak

Charles Darwin

Heidegger

Du Champ

Paul Goodman

Lenny Bruce

Fletcher

Jean Genet

Schliermacher

Sir Isaac Newton

Jerry Reuben

Hodern

Hobbs

Saul Alinsky – Rules for Radicals - 1971

: 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was an 18th-century German philosopher from the Prussian city of Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia). Kant was the last influential philosopher of modern Europe in the classic sequence of the theory of knowledge during the Enlightenment beginning with thinkers John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume.[1] (7 May 1711-26 April 1776)was a Scottish philosopher, economist, historian and a key figure in the history of Western philosophy and the Scottish Enlightenment. Hume is often grouped with John Locke, George Berkeley, and a handful of others as a British Empiricist.(12 March 1685 – 14 January 1753), also known as Bishop Berkeley,If taken back to the mid-1600s, the Enlightenment would trace its origins to ' , published in 1637. Others define the Enlightenment as beginning in Britain's of 1688 or with the publication of 's . As to its end, some scholars use the of 1789 or the beginning of the (1804–15) as a convenient point in time with which to date the end of the Enlightenment.